His is another monumental name in Polish poster history, easier to pronounce than to write correctly. Józef studied at the School of Arts and Crafts in Krakow and the Vienna Kunstgewerbeschule (graduated 1936). The threatening late 1930s, war and Nazi occupation, war again and the victory of the Soviets, life under Communist rule. Cultural life could only make a kind of start in the sixties. His Don Carlos was the Poster of the Year 1964; he also won the Prima Swiss Graphic Artists Association Prize and a Gold Medal in Leipzig 1965. He taught and shared directorship with Henryk Tomaszewski at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw (1952–75), and designed exhibitions and printed matter. His lasting contribution to poster art was the foundation of the Warsaw Biennale in 1976. Amiable, warm Józef M. managed to choose jury members from all over the world, and made sure their sessions had an army of interpreters to avoid any misunderstandings.